Does the presence of fixed orthodontic appliances alter gingival microbiota in our patients?

Randerson Menezes Cardoso, Monique Plauto Sá e Benevides, Bruna de Carvalho Farias Vajgel, Camila Angra Souza, Paulo Roberto Eleutério de Souza, Renata Cimões

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the gingival status and subgingival presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Tannerella forsythia in healthy periodontal patients after fixed orthodontic appliance placement. Methods: Twenty patients were allocated into: experimental group (EG; n = 10) - had malocclusion and received orthodontic treatment; and control group (CG; n = 10) - had no malocclusion and did not receive orthodontic treatment. Microbiological samples were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months after fixed orthodontic placement and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Plaque index (PI) values and bleeding on probing (BOP) were also recorded. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, Students t-test and Fisher exact test at the p< 0.05 level. Results: The PI mean decreased in both EG and CG, and a significant difference was observed between the groups at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.05). Regarding the presence of bacteria, A. actinomycetemcomitans was only detected in EG at 3 and 6 months, and T. forsythia was detected in two patients in both groups at 6 months (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It was possible to demonstrate higher values in the PI in patients with orthodontic appliances as compared with the CG in all assessments. In addition, orthodontic appliances appear to increase the presence of putative periodontal pathogens.

Keywords: Orthodontic appliances. Microbiology. Polymerase chain reaction.

How to cite: Cardoso RM, Sá e Benevides MP, Vajgel BCF, Souza CA, Souza PRE, Cimões R. A presença de aparelhos ortodônticos fixos altera a microbiota gengival em nossos pacientes? Rev Clín Ortod Dental Press. 2019 Fev-Mar;18(1):124-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14436/1676-6849.18.1.124-131.art

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