Significance of Gingival Invagination in Tooth Extraction Sites after Orthodontic Space Closure

José VALLADARES NETO, Diogo Mendonça MOTA, André da Costa MONINI, Luis Fernando Naldi RUIZ

Gingival invaginagion or cleft is a scar developed by orthodontic treatment in gingival papila involving, specially, but not always, tooth extraction. The aim of this study was to review the gingival response during orthodontic movement, discuss the provable mechanisms involved in gengival invagination development, as well as to express its clinical and microspical significance. Gingival invaginations are highly prevalent (95 a 100%) and, although not always spontaneously correct, its frequency diminushes. Its formation is yet questionable, and it’s certainly not related to ceratinezed gingival width, adjacent tooth inclination, or gingival health. Microscopically, there is a presence of a sulcus with hyperplasial epitelium and a desorganized conjunctive tissue, with colagen loose, contrasting with glicosaminoglicans sintesis. Althought there are controversies, it is admitted that they are not related to space reopening in extraction sites. It can be concluded that gingival invagination does not have know relevant clinical impact during and after orthodontic treatment. Gingival invagination is not indicated for gengival surgical unless it is associated with hyperplastic gingiva or inapropriate gingival contouring.

Keywords: Gingival invagination. Space closure. Tooth extraction. Orthodontic treatment.

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