The occlusion and its relationship to temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in orthodontically treated and untreated adolescents

Karyna Martins do VALLE-COROTTI, Arnaldo PINZAN, Paulo César Rodrigues CONTI, Guilherme dos Reis Pereira JANSON

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) in individuals with and without orthodontic treatment. Sample was composed of 200 individuals divided into four groups, according to the type of malocclusion (Angle’s Class I or II) and the accomplishment of orthodontic treatment. The presence of signs and symptoms of TMD were evaluated by an anamnestic questionnaire and a clinical examination, including TMJ and muscle palpation, active mandibular range of motion and joint noises. The occlusal examination included analysis of contacts in intercuspal position (IP) and retruded contact position, presence of lateral and anterior guidance and non-working side contacts. Anterior open bite, posterior cross bite, overjet, overbite, occlusal adjustment and dental attrition were also evaluated. Based on the anamnestic questionnaire, 34% was considered as having mild TMD, while 3.5% had moderate TMD. The presence and severity of TMD have not shown any relationship with type of malocclusion and/or accomplishment of orthodontic treatment. A positive association was found between TMD and absence of anterior guidance. Based on that, it was concluded that orthodontic treatment is not associated with the presence of signs and symptoms of TMD neither occlusion can be deined as a primary etiologic factor for TMD.

Keywords: Temporomandibular disorders. Occlusion. Orthodontic Treatment.

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