Non-neoplastic proliferative gingival processes in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment

Irineu Gregnanin PEDRON, Estevam Rubens UTUMI, Ângelo Rafael Calábria TANCREDI, Flávio Eduardo Guillin PEREZ, Gilberto MARCUCCI

Introduction: Orthodontic appliances render oral hygiene difficult and may contribute to the development of gingival lesions such as non-neoplastic proliferative gingival processes. These lesions, depending on such factors as development time, histopathological components and oral conditions may be reversible in some cases, through oral hygiene advice and basic periodontal therapy. In most cases, however, surgical treatment is required. Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to report the case of a patient using fixed orthodontic appliance who presented with two distinct gingival lesions diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma and inflammatory gingival hyperplasia. The clinical and histopathological features, incidence and frequency, treatment modalities and prevention of both lesions were discussed, highlighting the importance of submitting the material collected from the lesions to histopathological examination given the possibility of different diagnostic hypotheses. Surgical excision was performed on both lesions. The upper arch lesion, diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma, relapsed, which led us to provide basic periodontal therapy and repeat the surgical procedures. Results: The lesion in the lower arch, diagnosed as gingival hyperplasia, was surgically removed and followed up clinically, whereas the patient was instructed to perform proper oral hygiene.

Keywords: Pyogenic granuloma. Gingival hyperplasia. Periodontal diseases. Orthodontics. Gingiva.

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